GrippeEspagneV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000403

First influenza season after the 2009 pandemic influenza: report of the first 300 ICU admissions in Spain.

Identifieur interne : 000403 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000402; suivant : 000404

First influenza season after the 2009 pandemic influenza: report of the first 300 ICU admissions in Spain.

Auteurs : A. Rodríguez [Espagne] ; I. Martin-Loeches ; J. Bonastre ; P. Olaechea ; F. Alvarez-Lerma ; R. Zaragoza ; J. Guerrero ; J. Blanco ; F. Gordo ; F. Pozo ; J. Lorente ; J. Carratalá ; M. Cordero ; J. Rello ; A. Esteban ; C. Le N

Source :

Medicina intensiva [ 1578-6749 ] ; 2011.

RBID : pubmed:21496964

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Antiviraux (usage thérapeutique), Association thérapeutique (MeSH), Choc (traitement médicamenteux), Choc (étiologie), Comorbidité (MeSH), Enregistrements (MeSH), Espagne (épidémiologie), Femelle (MeSH), Grippe humaine (complications), Grippe humaine (traitement médicamenteux), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Hormones corticosurrénaliennes (usage thérapeutique), Humains (MeSH), Indice APACHE (MeSH), Infection croisée (épidémiologie), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Pandémies (MeSH), Pneumopathie virale (thérapie), Pneumopathie virale (traitement médicamenteux), Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie), Pneumopathie virale (étiologie), RT-PCR (MeSH), Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A (génétique), Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A (isolement et purification), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus (MeSH), Taux de survie (MeSH), Unités de soins intensifs (statistiques et données numériques), Ventilation artificielle (statistiques et données numériques), Épidémies de maladies (MeSH), Études prospectives (MeSH).
MESH :
- génétique : Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A.
- isolement et purification : Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A.
- statistiques et données numériques : Unités de soins intensifs, Ventilation artificielle.
- thérapie : Pneumopathie virale.
- traitement médicamenteux : Choc, Grippe humaine, Pneumopathie virale.
- usage thérapeutique : Antiviraux, Grippe humaine, Hormones corticosurrénaliennes.
- épidémiologie : Espagne, Grippe humaine, Infection croisée, Pneumopathie virale.
- étiologie : Choc, Pneumopathie virale.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Association thérapeutique, Comorbidité, Enregistrements, Femelle, Humains, Indice APACHE, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Pandémies, RT-PCR, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Taux de survie, Épidémies de maladies, Études prospectives.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- APACHE (MeSH), Adolescent (MeSH), Adrenal Cortex Hormones (therapeutic use), Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Aged, 80 and over (MeSH), Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), Combined Modality Therapy (MeSH), Comorbidity (MeSH), Cross Infection (epidemiology), Disease Outbreaks (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (genetics), Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (isolation & purification), Influenza, Human (complications), Influenza, Human (drug therapy), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Intensive Care Units (statistics & numerical data), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (drug therapy), Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology), Pneumonia, Viral (etiology), Pneumonia, Viral (therapy), Prospective Studies (MeSH), Registries (MeSH), Respiration, Artificial (statistics & numerical data), Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (MeSH), Shock (drug therapy), Shock (etiology), Spain (epidemiology), Survival Rate (MeSH), Young Adult (MeSH).
MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Antiviral Agents.
- complications : Influenza, Human.
- drug therapy : Influenza, Human, Pneumonia, Viral, Shock.
- epidemiology : Cross Infection, Influenza, Human, Pneumonia, Viral, Spain.
- etiology : Pneumonia, Viral, Shock.
- genetics : Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype.
- isolation & purification : Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype.
- statistics & numerical data : Intensive Care Units, Respiration, Artificial.
- therapy : Pneumonia, Viral.
- APACHE, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Combined Modality Therapy, Comorbidity, Disease Outbreaks, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Prospective Studies, Registries, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Survival Rate, Young Adult.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

During the 2009 influenza pandemic, several reports were published, nevertheless, data on the clinical profiles of critically ill patients with the new virus infection during this second outbreak are still lacking.

MATERIAL METHODS

Prospective, observational, multi-center study conducted in 148 Spanish intensive care units (ICU) during epidemiological weeks 50-52 of 2010 and weeks 1 - 4 of 2011.

RESULTS

Three hundred patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with confirmed An/H1N1 infection were analyzed. The median age was 49 years [IQR=38-58] and 62% were male. The mean APACHE II score was 16.9 ± 7.5 and the mean SOFA score was 6.3 ± 3.5 on admission. Comorbidities were present in 76% (n=228) of cases and 111 (37.4%) patients were reportedly obese and 59 (20%) were COPD. The main presentation was viral pneumonia with severe hypoxemia in 65.7% (n=197) of the patients whereas co-infection was identified in 54 (18%) patients. All patients received antiviral treatment and initiated empirically in 194 patients (65.3%), however only 53 patients (17.6%) received early antiviral treatment. Vaccination was only administered in 22 (7.3%) patients. Sixty-seven of 200 patients with ICU discharge died. Haematological disease, severity of illness, infiltrates in chest X-ray and need for mechanical ventilation were variables independently associated with ICU mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients admitted to the ICU in the post-pandemic seasonal influenza outbreak vaccination was poorly implemented and appear to have higher frequency of severe comorbidities, severity of illness, incidence of primary viral pneumonia and increased mortality when compared with those observed in the 2009 pandemic outbreak.

DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2011.03.001
PubMed: 21496964

Affiliations:

Espagne

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

to stream Main, to step Corpus: 00384
to stream Main, to step Curation: 000384

Le document en format XML

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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>APACHE (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adrenal Cortex Hormones (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Adult (MeSH)</term>
<term>Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Aged, 80 and over (MeSH)</term>
<term>Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term>
<term>Combined Modality Therapy (MeSH)</term>
<term>Comorbidity (MeSH)</term>
<term>Cross Infection (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Disease Outbreaks (MeSH)</term>
<term>Female (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (genetics)</term>
<term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (complications)</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (drug therapy)</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Intensive Care Units (statistics & numerical data)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (drug therapy)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (etiology)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (therapy)</term>
<term>Prospective Studies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Registries (MeSH)</term>
<term>Respiration, Artificial (statistics & numerical data)</term>
<term>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (MeSH)</term>
<term>Shock (drug therapy)</term>
<term>Shock (etiology)</term>
<term>Spain (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Survival Rate (MeSH)</term>
<term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adulte (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term>
<term>Antiviraux (usage thérapeutique)</term>
<term>Association thérapeutique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Choc (traitement médicamenteux)</term>
<term>Choc (étiologie)</term>
<term>Comorbidité (MeSH)</term>
<term>Enregistrements (MeSH)</term>
<term>Espagne (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Femelle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (complications)</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (traitement médicamenteux)</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Hormones corticosurrénaliennes (usage thérapeutique)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Indice APACHE (MeSH)</term>
<term>Infection croisée (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mâle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (thérapie)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (traitement médicamenteux)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (étiologie)</term>
<term>RT-PCR (MeSH)</term>
<term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A (génétique)</term>
<term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term>
<term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus (MeSH)</term>
<term>Taux de survie (MeSH)</term>
<term>Unités de soins intensifs (statistiques et données numériques)</term>
<term>Ventilation artificielle (statistiques et données numériques)</term>
<term>Épidémies de maladies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Études prospectives (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Adrenal Cortex Hormones</term>
<term>Antiviral Agents</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
<term>Shock</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Cross Infection</term>
<term>Influenza, Human</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
<term>Spain</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
<term>Shock</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Intensive Care Units</term>
<term>Respiration, Artificial</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistiques et données numériques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Unités de soins intensifs</term>
<term>Ventilation artificielle</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="thérapie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Choc</term>
<term>Grippe humaine</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antiviraux</term>
<term>Grippe humaine</term>
<term>Hormones corticosurrénaliennes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Espagne</term>
<term>Grippe humaine</term>
<term>Infection croisée</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="étiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Choc</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>APACHE</term>
<term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Aged, 80 and over</term>
<term>Combined Modality Therapy</term>
<term>Comorbidity</term>
<term>Disease Outbreaks</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
<term>Prospective Studies</term>
<term>Registries</term>
<term>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</term>
<term>Survival Rate</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Association thérapeutique</term>
<term>Comorbidité</term>
<term>Enregistrements</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Indice APACHE</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>RT-PCR</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term>
<term>Taux de survie</term>
<term>Épidémies de maladies</term>
<term>Études prospectives</term>
</keywords>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>
</p>
<p>During the 2009 influenza pandemic, several reports were published, nevertheless, data on the clinical profiles of critically ill patients with the new virus infection during this second outbreak are still lacking.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>MATERIAL METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>Prospective, observational, multi-center study conducted in 148 Spanish intensive care units (ICU) during epidemiological weeks 50-52 of 2010 and weeks 1 - 4 of 2011.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>Three hundred patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with confirmed An/H1N1 infection were analyzed. The median age was 49 years [IQR=38-58] and 62% were male. The mean APACHE II score was 16.9 ± 7.5 and the mean SOFA score was 6.3 ± 3.5 on admission. Comorbidities were present in 76% (n=228) of cases and 111 (37.4%) patients were reportedly obese and 59 (20%) were COPD. The main presentation was viral pneumonia with severe hypoxemia in 65.7% (n=197) of the patients whereas co-infection was identified in 54 (18%) patients. All patients received antiviral treatment and initiated empirically in 194 patients (65.3%), however only 53 patients (17.6%) received early antiviral treatment. Vaccination was only administered in 22 (7.3%) patients. Sixty-seven of 200 patients with ICU discharge died. Haematological disease, severity of illness, infiltrates in chest X-ray and need for mechanical ventilation were variables independently associated with ICU mortality.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>
</p>
<p>In patients admitted to the ICU in the post-pandemic seasonal influenza outbreak vaccination was poorly implemented and appear to have higher frequency of severe comorbidities, severity of illness, incidence of primary viral pneumonia and increased mortality when compared with those observed in the 2009 pandemic outbreak.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2011</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>09</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2018</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>01</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1578-6749</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>35</Volume>
<Issue>4</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2011</Year>
<Month>May</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Medicina intensiva</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Med Intensiva</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>First influenza season after the 2009 pandemic influenza: report of the first 300 ICU admissions in Spain.</ArticleTitle>
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<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.medin.2011.03.001</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">During the 2009 influenza pandemic, several reports were published, nevertheless, data on the clinical profiles of critically ill patients with the new virus infection during this second outbreak are still lacking.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="MATERIAL METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Prospective, observational, multi-center study conducted in 148 Spanish intensive care units (ICU) during epidemiological weeks 50-52 of 2010 and weeks 1 - 4 of 2011.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Three hundred patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with confirmed An/H1N1 infection were analyzed. The median age was 49 years [IQR=38-58] and 62% were male. The mean APACHE II score was 16.9 ± 7.5 and the mean SOFA score was 6.3 ± 3.5 on admission. Comorbidities were present in 76% (n=228) of cases and 111 (37.4%) patients were reportedly obese and 59 (20%) were COPD. The main presentation was viral pneumonia with severe hypoxemia in 65.7% (n=197) of the patients whereas co-infection was identified in 54 (18%) patients. All patients received antiviral treatment and initiated empirically in 194 patients (65.3%), however only 53 patients (17.6%) received early antiviral treatment. Vaccination was only administered in 22 (7.3%) patients. Sixty-seven of 200 patients with ICU discharge died. Haematological disease, severity of illness, infiltrates in chest X-ray and need for mechanical ventilation were variables independently associated with ICU mortality.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">In patients admitted to the ICU in the post-pandemic seasonal influenza outbreak vaccination was poorly implemented and appear to have higher frequency of severe comorbidities, severity of illness, incidence of primary viral pneumonia and increased mortality when compared with those observed in the 2009 pandemic outbreak.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier España, S.L. y SEMICYUC. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rodríguez</LastName>
<ForeName>A</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hospital Joan XXIII, Critical Care Department, IISPV, URV, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Tarragona, Spain. ahr1161@yahoo.es</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martin-Loeches</LastName>
<ForeName>I</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bonastre</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olaechea</LastName>
<ForeName>P</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alvarez-Lerma</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zaragoza</LastName>
<ForeName>R</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guerrero</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Blanco</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gordo</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
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<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lorente</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carratalá</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cordero</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rello</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Esteban</LastName>
<ForeName>A</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>León</LastName>
<ForeName>C</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>SEMICYUC-CIBERES-REIPI working group</CollectiveName>
</Author>
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<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2011</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>14</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Spain</Country>
<MedlineTA>Med Intensiva</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>9207689</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0210-5691</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000305">Adrenal Cortex Hormones</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000998">Antiviral Agents</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018806" MajorTopicYN="N">APACHE</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000305" MajorTopicYN="N">Adrenal Cortex Hormones</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000369" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged, 80 and over</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000998" MajorTopicYN="N">Antiviral Agents</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003131" MajorTopicYN="N">Combined Modality Therapy</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015897" MajorTopicYN="N">Comorbidity</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003428" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross Infection</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004196" MajorTopicYN="Y">Disease Outbreaks</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053118" MajorTopicYN="Y">Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007251" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza, Human</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="Y">epidemiology</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="N">etiology</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011446" MajorTopicYN="N">Prospective Studies</DescriptorName>
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</MeshHeading>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020133" MajorTopicYN="N">Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012769" MajorTopicYN="N">Shock</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="N">etiology</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013030" MajorTopicYN="N">Spain</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015996" MajorTopicYN="N">Survival Rate</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName>
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<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2011</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>08</Day>
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<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2011</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>09</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2011</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
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<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2011</Year>
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<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2011</Year>
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<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2011</Year>
<Month>9</Month>
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<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21496964</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pii">S0210-5691(11)00076-3</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.medin.2011.03.001</ArticleId>
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</pubmed>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Alvarez Lerma, F" sort="Alvarez Lerma, F" uniqKey="Alvarez Lerma F" first="F" last="Alvarez-Lerma">F. Alvarez-Lerma</name>
<name sortKey="Blanco, J" sort="Blanco, J" uniqKey="Blanco J" first="J" last="Blanco">J. Blanco</name>
<name sortKey="Bonastre, J" sort="Bonastre, J" uniqKey="Bonastre J" first="J" last="Bonastre">J. Bonastre</name>
<name sortKey="Carratala, J" sort="Carratala, J" uniqKey="Carratala J" first="J" last="Carratalá">J. Carratalá</name>
<name sortKey="Cordero, M" sort="Cordero, M" uniqKey="Cordero M" first="M" last="Cordero">M. Cordero</name>
<name sortKey="Esteban, A" sort="Esteban, A" uniqKey="Esteban A" first="A" last="Esteban">A. Esteban</name>
<name sortKey="Gordo, F" sort="Gordo, F" uniqKey="Gordo F" first="F" last="Gordo">F. Gordo</name>
<name sortKey="Guerrero, J" sort="Guerrero, J" uniqKey="Guerrero J" first="J" last="Guerrero">J. Guerrero</name>
<name sortKey="Le N, C" sort="Le N, C" uniqKey="Le N C" first="C" last="Le N">C. Le N</name>
<name sortKey="Lorente, J" sort="Lorente, J" uniqKey="Lorente J" first="J" last="Lorente">J. Lorente</name>
<name sortKey="Martin Loeches, I" sort="Martin Loeches, I" uniqKey="Martin Loeches I" first="I" last="Martin-Loeches">I. Martin-Loeches</name>
<name sortKey="Olaechea, P" sort="Olaechea, P" uniqKey="Olaechea P" first="P" last="Olaechea">P. Olaechea</name>
<name sortKey="Pozo, F" sort="Pozo, F" uniqKey="Pozo F" first="F" last="Pozo">F. Pozo</name>
<name sortKey="Rello, J" sort="Rello, J" uniqKey="Rello J" first="J" last="Rello">J. Rello</name>
<name sortKey="Zaragoza, R" sort="Zaragoza, R" uniqKey="Zaragoza R" first="R" last="Zaragoza">R. Zaragoza</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Rodriguez, A" sort="Rodriguez, A" uniqKey="Rodriguez A" first="A" last="Rodríguez">A. Rodríguez</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
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First influenza season after the 2009 pandemic influenza: report of the first 300 ICU admissions in Spain.

First influenza season after the 2009 pandemic influenza: report of the first 300 ICU admissions in Spain.

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